Note Making/Taking Important Prompts: Study the text cautiously. provide a heading to your work, give subheadings, points are to be noted under each subheading, all subheadings should be at a uniform distance from the margin, Indenting, points should also be at the same distance away from the margin, do not write complete sentences
Study the following text and make notes.
Nepal’s migration
situation is dominated by the migration of Nepalis for foreign employment. The 2011
census on population and housing showed that almost 50 percent of Nepal’s
households had a member who was either working overseas or had returned. While
this labor migration has a significant positive effect on Nepal’s economy, it
also has a series of socioeconomic impacts on the welfare of Nepali nationals
and their communities. The exploitation of migrant workers is rife and aspiring labor migrants may find themselves in a situation of irregular migration or
trafficking. Nepal’s environmental vulnerability also has an impact on the
scale of internal and international migration. Climate change, environmental
degradation, and natural and manmade disasters cause displacement and dislocation
from the land, meaning that many Nepalese migrate to ensure a sustainable
livelihood. Nepal’s open border with its close neighbor India is another
defining and unique characteristic in Nepal’s migration context. Although the
lack of data on this issue is of concern, it is recognized that there are
frequent and extensive cross-border movements, which have significant impacts on Nepal, both positive and potentially negative. The 2011 census data shows that nearly
two-fifths (37.2%) of the Nepali absentees are in India, however, such data has
its limitations in the case of an open border where crossing can be short-term
or seasonable and will be undocumented.
There are also no records kept on how many Nepalese work in India or where they
are.
Traditionally,
Nepali migrant workers sought employment mainly in India, however from the
mid-1980s, Nepalis started also to migrate to the Gulf States and Malaysia for
work which resulted in an increase in migrant workers as well as in a
proliferation of labor recruitment agencies and brokers. The decentralization of
passport issuance in Nepal also facilitated the migration of many unskilled and
semi-skilled Nepalese. During the past two decades, Nepal has also witnessed an
increase in the number of Nepali women who are seeking work abroad and being
gradually recognized as important economic
actors. The risk of exploitation and abuse of women migrant workers is high, particularly
in largely unregulated sectors such as domestic work and the Government has put
in place a series of measures seeking to protect women migrants. To date, these
measures have met with limited success and there is still evidence that many
women migrants are in situations of risk.
Answer: Note
Making/Taking from the aforementioned passage
Topic Sentence: Migration in Nepal takes place
mainly for foreign employment
Supports:
a. 50 percent of Nepali households had a member who had migrated overseas.
b. Overseas migration can also create the problem of human trafficking.
c. Various factors play role in migration.
d. Migration of Nepali workers has spread to the Gulf States and Malaysia.
e. The number of women migrants for employment is on the rise.
Make notes using headings and subheadings of the following reading passage,
I
remember my childhood as being generally happy and can recall experiencing some
of the most carefree times of my life. But I can also remember, even more
vividly, moments of being deeply frightened. As a child, I was true -terrified
of the dark and getting lost. These fears were very real and caused me some
extremely uncomfortable moments.
Maybe it was the strange way things looked and sounded in my familiar room at night that scared me so much. There was never total darkness, but a street light or passing car lights made clothes hung over a chair take on the shape of an unknown beast. Out of the corner of my eye, I saw curtains move when there was no breeze. A tiny creak in the floor would sound a hundred times louder than in the daylight and my imagination would take over, creating burglars and monsters. Darkness always made me feel helpless. My heart would pound and I would lie very still so that ‘the enemy’ wouldn’t discover me.
Another childhood fear of mine was that I would get lost, especially on the way home from school. Every morning, I got on the school bus right near my home—that was no problem. After school, though, when all the buses were lined up along the curve, I was terrified that I would get on the wrong one and be taken to some unfamiliar neighborhood. I would scan the bus for the faces of my friends, make sure that the bus driver was the same one that had been there in the morning, and even then ask the others over and over again to be sure I was on the right bus. On school or family trips to an amusement park or a museum, I wouldn’t let the leaders out of my sight. And of course, I was never very adventurous when it came to taking walks or hikes because I would go only where I was sure I would never get lost. Perhaps, one of the worst fears I had as a child was that of not being liked or accepted by others. First of all, I was quite shy. Secondly, I worried constantly about my looks, thinking people wouldn’t like me because I was too fat or wore braces. I tried to wear ‘the right clothes’ and had intense arguments with my mother over the importance of wearing flats instead of saddled shoes to school. Being popular was very important to me then and the fear of not being liked was a powerful one.
One of the processes of evolving from a child to an adult is being able to recognize and overcome our fears. I have learned that darkness does not have to take on a life of its own, that others can help me when I am lost, and that friendliness and sincerity will encourage people to like me. Understanding the things that scared us as children helps us to cope with our lives as adults.
Note-Making Answer:
A. Childhood Memories
I.
Remembering
childhood moments
a.
happy
and carefree
b.
terrified
of the dark and getting lost
II.
Childhood
fears
a.
Feeling
helpless in dark
i.
Moving
curtains
ii.
Creaking
sounds
iii.
Creating
burglars and monsters
b.
Fear
of getting lost
i.
Scanning
of school buses—friendly faces, same bus driver
ii.
Not
letting leaders out of sight
iii.
Taken
to some unfamiliar neighborhood
iv.
Surety
of not being lost\
v.
Fear
of being Quite shy
vi.
Worried
about looks
vii.
Wear
the right clothes.
III.
Overcoming
childhood fears
a.
Understanding
evolution process
b.
Recognizing
and overcoming fears
c.
Accepting
help from others
d.
Understanding.
things that scared